Mental and behavioral health problems among displaced Myanmar adults exhibiting suboptimal adherence to chronic disease medication treatment in Thailand

People living with non-communicable diseases such as hypertension and diabetes are at increased risk of mental health and psychosocial problems, especially in humanitarian settings. These co-occurring health challenges are underexplored, despite their contribution to social isolation, reduced quality of life, and poorer health outcomes. This study aimed to better understand the mental health experiences of displaced Myanmar adults in Thailand who were struggling with medication adherence for chronic illness.

The research involved a cross-sectional analysis of 224 adults with suboptimal adherence to hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes treatment, assessed using pill counts. The study examined symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress, along with indicators of substance use, sleep quality, and self-efficacy in managing chronic illness.

More than one-third of participants experienced moderate to severe mental health symptoms. Poorer mental health was significantly associated with factors such as financial hardship, comorbid hypertension and diabetes, and sleep problems. The findings suggest that integrated approaches which combine mental health and chronic illness care could offer more effective support for this population.

The study highlights the need for holistic approaches to improve economic and health outcomes for the people living with chronic conditions in humanitarian settings.